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REVIEWS

Current approaches in drugresistant tuberculosis diagnosis

Cătălina Luncă, Teodora Vremeră, Luminița Smaranda Iancu
Current approaches in drugresistant tuberculosis diagnosis
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) increases mortality and threatens the progress achieved in the management of TB, due to late diagnosis and ineffective treatment. Thus, the accurate identification of this disease becomes a priority, with important therapeutic and public health implications. New molecular techniques ensure a more rapid diagnosis of DR-TB, and can have a substantial impact on the disease prognosis, but there is still the need for inexpensive diagnostic tests available for all patients. The objective of this review is to give an overview on the new developments made in DR-TB diagnosis, based on a selective research of literature reports and World Health Organization guidelines.

Causes for lack of adherence to respiratory rehabilitation programs

Daniela Jipa, Alina Croitoru, Miron Bogdan
Causes for lack of adherence to respiratory rehabilitation programs
Reabilitarea respiratorie este o terapie nefarmacologică recomandată de ghidurile internaționale pentru tratamentul pacienților cu bronhopneumopatie obstructivă cronică (BPOC) simptomatici. Reabilitarea cuprinde un ansamblu de intervenții medicale bazate pe dovezi și este realizată de o echipă multidisciplinară. Beneficiile reabilitării respiratorii sunt reprezentate de creșterea calității vieții și a toleranței la efort, reducerea numărului de exacerbări, scăderea duratei spitalizării și, cel mai important, de reintegrarea socială a pacientului. Obținerea beneficiilor în urma programului de reabilitare respiratorie este direct proporțională cu aderența pacientului la program. Vorbim despre aderență atunci când viziunea pacientului coincide cu sfatul medical. Pacientul neaderent este acela care refuză includerea în programul de reabilitare respiratorie sau renunță pe parcurs la acesta. Necomplianța are repercusiuni atât asupra eficienței programului, cât și asupra rezultatelor științifice. Este neapărat necesară găsirea unei metode eficiente de identificare a pacienților neaderenți în scopul înlăturării acestei probleme.

Hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs in children

Elena Camelia Berghea, Ștefan Dumitrache Rujinski, Claudia Lucia Toma
Hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs in children
Acetylsalicylic acid and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of medications
commonly used in adults and children. Hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs are unpredictable reactions that
occurr in susceptible individuals. In accordance with EAACI/WAO reccomendations, depending on underlying
mechanisms, hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDS can be classified as allergic if they are immunologically mediated or nonallergic if the mechanism is a nonimmune one. In the paediatric population, betalactam antibiotics are the most common hypersensitivity reactions triggers followed by NSAIDs and non-betalactam antibiotics. Viral infections, atopy, asthma, and chronic urticaria were reported to be significant risk factors for reactions to NSAIDs in children. There are several protocols and tools for guiding allergists to perform a correct diagnosis and a complete allergy work up in patients presenting with a suspected hypersensitivity reaction to NSAID, in order to provide a safe therapeutic alternative.